Carburetor



Sept. 30, 1924. y I 1,509,946

E. G. GAGE CARBURETOR Filed Nov. '7, 1917 l4 /6 8 /9 f? f INVENTOR BY. I

MATTORNEY Patented Sept. 30, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD G. GAGE, OF SOUTH NORWALK, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T0 ALEXANDER CHANDLER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

CARBURETOR.

Application filed November 7, 1917. Serial No. 200,673.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD G. GAGE, a citizen of the United States, residing at South Nor-walk, county of F'airfield, State of Connecticut, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to charge forming devices designed to produce a combustible mixture of air and a vaporized and gasified liquid fuel for use by an internal combustion engine; and particularly to charge forming devices designed to utilize either gasolene, or kerosene or other liquid fuel which is diiiicult to vaporize and render suitable for use in an internal combustion engine, as alternative sources of power; or to form a combustible mixture made up of a mixture of gasolene and air, and kerosene vapor and air, mixed together.

The objects of my invention are to provide an improvedcharge forming device of the general type or class above referred to, to provide improved kerosene or equivalent liquid fuel vaporizing and mixing mechanism capable of use in any form of charge forming device in which such a liquid fuel is used as a source of power, and to provide such other improvements in and relating to charge forming devices for internal combustion engines as are hereinafter specifically referred to and described.

Vith the above and other objects of invention in view, my invention consists in the improved charge forming device and subordinate and auxiliary parts and features thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawing, described in'the following specification, and particularly claimed, and in such variations and modifications thereof as will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which my invention relates.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification, and wherein the preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated Figure 1 is a view illustrating my improved charge forming device applied to an internal combustion engine, the engine being shown conventionally;

Figure 2 is a view showing the kerosene vaporizing and mixing mechanism of my device in elevation, and upon a larger scale than the same is shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a view showing a section taken upon a vertically extending central plane indicated by the line 33, Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a view showing the body portion and rotary grinding member of the kerosene vaporizing and mixing mechanism in plan, thehead thereof having been removed; and

Figure 5 is a fragmentary View showing a part of the said head in plan.

Referring to the drawing, the reference numeral 6 designates an internal combustion engine of any type or form, the inlet through which the combustible mixture flows thereinto being indicated at 7 and the exhaust gases flowing therefrom through a suitable conduit 8; which conduit is provid ed with an air heating jacket 9 of any suitable form and from which an air supply conduit 10 leads, and through which conduit heated air is supplied to my improvedcharge forming device; the scheme for producing and supplying heated air to form a combustible mixture with the liquid fuel employed as a source of power being similar to the schemes at present in use in connection with charge forming devices wherein a liquid fuel which necessitates the use of a heated air supply to accomplish its vaporization is employed as a source of power. a

The air supply conduit 10 divides into two branches as shown in Figure 1, one of which branches designated by the reference numeral 11 extends into and supplies air to a gasolene carburetor 12 of any suitable form, while the other branch 13 extends to the upper end of and serves as an air supply for the kerosene vaporizing and mixing mechanism of my device, which mechanism as a whole is indicated by the reference numeral 41 in Figure 1.

The kerosene vaporizing portion of my device is shown upon an enlarged scale in Figures 2 to 5 of the drawing; andthe same is illustrated as comprising a hollow body portion or casing shown as cylindrical in form and formed, preferably, with double walls 14, 15 spaced apart from one another, the intervening annular space being preferably filled with a heat insulating or nonconducting material 16 whereby the radiation of heat from the vaporizing device is prevented to as great an extent as practicable. This hollow casing is provided with a valve chamber 17 at its lower end having laterally disposed inlet and outlet passages and openings and within which a rotary three-way valve 18 is located; the inlet passage 19 of said valve chamber being connected with the outlet of the gasolene carburetor 12, the outlet passage 20 thereof communicating with the inlet passage 7 or conduit leading into the engine. while a third port or opening 21 of said valve casing communicates with the interior of the body portion or casing of the kerosene vaporizing mechanism of my device. The valve 18 may be rotated upon its axis by means of an arm 22 operatively connected therewith and, when the said valve is in the position in which it is shown in Figure 3, a mixture of vaporized kerosene and air will flow from the interior of the casing aforesaid through the port 21 and passages 20 and 7 and into the engine; while if the said valve is moved into a position such that the port 21 is closed thereby, then the engine will be supplied with a com bustible mixture derived from the gasolenc carburetor 12, which mixture flows through the passages 19, 20; and '7 thereinto. Again, if the valve in question is made to assume an intermediate position between the twoextreme positions above referred to, then the engine will be supplied with a combustible mixture made up partly of atomized and vaporized gasolene from the carburetor 12 and partly of vaporized kerosene and air furnished by the kerosene vaporizing mechanism or elements of my device.

The upper end of the body portion or hollow casing of the kerosene vaporizing device is closed by means of a cover or head 23 within which a kerosene supply passage 21 and, preferably, also a passage 25 tl'irough which gasole-ne or other easily vaporizable liquid may be supplied at starting are provided; the liquid fuels being supplied to said passages through a kerosene supply conduit 26, and a conduit 27 leading from a priming cup 28 suitable valves being provided for controlling the How through said conduits as shown at 29,

The passages 24;, 25 are preferably pro vided in an upwardly extending flange or rib 31 provided for them, and the inner ends of said passages are shown as discharging into a single port controlled by a ball or equivalent valve 33, so that the flow through both said passages into the common passage 34 and into the interior of the kerosene vaporizing mechanism or device may be controlled by the single valve referred to.

Located above and preferably resting upon the head or cover 23 is a hood or bon net 35 into which the branch air supply conduit 13 discharges andthe head 23 is provided with one or more openings 36, through which the air supplied through the branch conduit 13 may flow into the interior of the kerosene vaporizing portion of my device. Suitable means such, for example, as a water supply conduitl'i leading from a reservoir 38 and discharging into the in terior of the said vaporizing device M139 is provided for supplying waterto the kerosene being vaporized, so that the resulting mixture will have a certain amount of water vapor mixed therewith and whereby a more satisfactory operation of the engine with which the device is used, is secured, as is usual in charge formingdevices using kerosene as a fuel, The water supply conduit iireferably discharges into the kerosene vaporizing device below the valve 33, as showm and the said extends through a flange or rib 10 upon the cover 23, as best shown in Figure 5; and, while the ribs 31 and 40 are shown as arranged at right angles toone anothera Located within the hollow casing of the kerosene vaporizing and mixing device; 41 is a roughened rotating member 42 shown as and preferably approximately cylindrical in form, and the periphery of which moves in close proximity to the interior of said casing; the roughness of the said rotary member being shown as secured by a series of spirally arranged corrugations or ribs 13 formed in the peripheral wall thereof and extending from the upper to the lower end of said memher. This rotating member is commonly made hollow in order to provide a ligl'it structure and one which will be easily rotated by the action of the air and kerosene vapor flowing downward about the same, and, the periphery of said member being close to the inner wall of the hollow casing, a thin passage of large superficial area between said periphery and the adjacent inner surface of the casing is provided through and along which the kerosene in an. atomized and more or less vaporized form, and mixed with air supplied through the air passages 36, passes; the kerosene and air n'iixture being thus subjected to a thorough secondary mixing action while it is spread out into a layer of comparatively.large area. but of slight thickness, whereby, as l: have found by experi ment, an extremely effective vaporizing of the kerosene and an intimate and permamentmixture of the resulting vapor and air is secured. The rotating member 42 is supported by a vertically extending rodor support 4-4 arranged centrally in the hollow casing of the vaporizing device and the upper end of which extends through the top of said member and into engagement with the valve 33, while the lower end of said rod extends into a guide l5 carried by a spider 46 provided at the lower end of the asing. The rod in'questi-on is forced upward by a spring 4:? when the engine is not running and the valve 33 thus kept in contact with its seat whereby the flow of fuel into the rotary member, which disc has a central opening through which the rod extends and in which the same fits loosely, so that the rotating member may rotate independently of the supporting rod. The disc and, as necessarily follows, the rotating member are supported by a collar or flange 52 upon the support 44, and the fact that the disc fits loosely upon the rod 44 permits the same together with the rotating member to move upward, to a slight extent, due to their momentum, after the upward movement im parted to the rod by the spring 47 when the suction action of the engine ceases, has been arrested by contact of the valve 33 with its seat. I

In addition to such features of advantage as have been referred to in the foregoing specification it will be appreciated that my invention provides a kerosene attachment which may be readily applied to existing internal combustion engines to thereby provide for operating with kerosene as a source of power; itbeing merely necessary to disconnect the gasolene carburetor connection with the engine and connect the outlet thereof with the inlet passage of the valve casing 17 connect the outlet passage of said casing with the engine, and provide for a supply of heated air to the kerosene vaporizing device. Furthermore, the kerosenevaporizing and mixing i'nechanisn'i of my device may obviously be used alone, and without the gasolene carburetor; and, when the valve casing 17 is made separate from the body portion or casing of the vaporizing device, as shown, and as is preferably the case, then various forms and dimensions of valve chambers may be secured to a given standard form and size of vaporizer casing; and one or a few forms and sizes of body member thus made available for use with a much larger number of sizes, forms, or styles of gasolene carburetors with which existing engines may be equipped. I

Having thus described and explained my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1.. In a kerosene vaporizing and mixing device, a hollow casing; a roughened rotating member located within said casing and moving in close proximity with the inner surface thereof, whereby a thin passage of large superficial area is provided between the said rotating member and the adjacent inner surface ofsaid casing a support for said member; air and fuel supply passages leading into said casing; a vertically movable valve controlling said passages and operatively associated with said support and a mixture outlet passage leading from said casing.

2. In a kerosene vaporizing and mixing device, a hollow casing; a rotating cylin drical member of substantially cylindrical form having a plurality of spirally disposed corrugations upon its peripheral surface located within said casing and the periphery of which moves in close proximity with the inner surface thereof, whereby a thin passage of large superficial. area is provided between the periphery of said rotating mem her and the adjacent inner surface of said casing; air and fuel supply passages leading into said casing; a support for said member; and a mixture outlet passage leading from said casing, a vertically movable valve controlling said passages and operatively associated with said support.

3. In a kerosene vaporizing and mixing device, a hollow vertically arranged cylindrical casing having air and fuel passages leading into its upper end; a vertically movable valve for controlling the flow through said fuel passage; a centrally arranged sup port located within said casing and the upper end of which is operatively connected with said valve; a guide for the lower end of said support; a spring acting to force said support upwardly; a rotating member of substantially cylindrical form carried by said support and having a roughened peripheral surface adapted to move in close proximity with the inner surface of said casing, whereby a thin passage of large superficial area is provided between the periphery of said rotating member and the adjacent inner surfaceof said casing; and a mixture outlet passage leading from said casing.

l. In a kerosene vaporizing and mixing device, a hollow vertically arranged cylindrical casing having a head at its upper end provided with air and fuel passages leading into said casing; a vertically movable valve for controlling the flow through said fuel passage; a centrally arranged support located within said casing and the upper end of which is operatively connected with said valve; a guide for the lower end of said sup port; a spring acting to force said support upwardly; a rotating member of substantially cylindrical form carried by said sup port and free to rotate, and also to move longitudinally thereupon, said member having a spirally corrugated peripheral surface adapted to move in close proximity with the inner surface of said casing, whereby a thin passage of large superficial area is provided between the periphery of said rotating memher and the adjacent inner surface of said. casing; and a mixture outlet passage leading from said casing.

5. In a kerosene vaporizing and mixing device, a hollow vertically arranged cylin drical casing having air and fuel passages leading into its upper end; a vertically movable valve for controlling the flow through said fuel passage; a centrally arranged sup port located within said casing and the upper end of which is operatively connected with said valve; a guide for the lower end of said support; a spring acting to force said support upwardly; a rotating cylindrical member mounted on said support; and a mixture outletpassage leading from said casing.

In a kerosene vaporizing and mixing device, a hollow vertically arranged cylindrical. casing having a head at its upper end provided with air and fuel passages leading into said casing; a vertically movable valve for controlling the flow through said fuel passage; a centrally arranged support located Within the said casing and the upper end of Which is operatively connected with said valve; a guide for the lower end of said support; a spring acting to force said support upwardly; a rotating cylindrical member carried by said support and free to move longitudinally thereupon; and a mixture outlet passage leading from said casing.

In testimony whereoi I have signed this specification this 2nd day of November EDWARD e. ease. 

